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Skolar finds the papers, runs the analysis, and writes with you. Every citation opens to its source.
Four formulations, one storage condition. Search the stability literature, read the two head-to-head comparisons, fit decay curves to the attached runs, then write the results with each claim cited.
Across the four formulations, potency at 25 °C fell to between 44% and 61% of baseline by week 24Hou et al., 2021+1. In your runs, SM-102 held up longest with a half-life of 14.1 weeks and DLin-MC3 degraded fastest at 5.2.
The results section is drafted in results-draft.docx with the decay curves as Figure 1. Every cited sentence keeps its source; click one to see the passage.
Room-temperature stability of mRNA-LNP formulations
Draft 1 · Maya Lindqvist · results section
Results
Across the four formulations, potency at 25 °C fell to between 44% and 61% of baseline by week 24. Lyophilised SM-102 retained the most potency, but only under refrigeration; at room temperature its advantage over ALC-0315 narrowed to four weeks of half-life.
Decay kinetics
A first-order model fit every formulation (R² above 0.96). ALC-0315 lost potency with a fitted half-life of 9.4 weeks, SM-102 14.1 weeks, DOTAP 11.7 weeks, and DLin-MC3 5.2 weeks, falling to a third of baseline by week 8 (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Potency at 25 °C by formulation. Points are run means at each timepoint; lines are first-order fits.
Comparison with published data
The ranking matches the two head-to-head comparisons in the literature. Our DLin-MC3 half-life is shorter than the published figure, which the higher ambient humidity in our runs would explain; the humidity log is attached in the supplement.
Only partly. Lyophilised SM-102 particles kept 98% of their potency over twelve weeks, but that figure was measured at 4 °CMuramatsu et al., 2022, and at 25 °C every formulation tested so far still lost between 39% and 56% of baseline potency by week 24Hou et al., 2021+1.
The gain from freeze-drying is real for cold-chain storage. At room temperature the evidence is thin: one small study, no head-to-head comparison against the liquid formulation, and no data past six months.
So: yes under refrigeration, unproven at room temperature. If shelf life at 25 °C is the question, the comparison you would need has not been published yet.
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Every claim, back to its source
Cited sentences link to the passage they came from, and Skolar says when the passage only partly supports the claim.
How citations workOnly partly. Lyophilised SM-102 particles kept 98% of their potency over twelve weeks, but that figure was measured at 4 °CMuramatsu et al., 2022, and at 25 °C every formulation tested so far still lost between 39% and 56% of baseline potency by week 24Hou et al., 2021+1.
The gain from freeze-drying is real for cold-chain storage. At room temperature the evidence is thin: one small study, no head-to-head comparison against the liquid formulation, and no data past six months.
So: yes under refrigeration, unproven at room temperature. If shelf life at 25 °C is the question, the comparison you would need has not been published yet.
It writes in your document
Drafts land in a real Word document, not a chat bubble. Suggested edits arrive one at a time, and every cited sentence keeps its source.
Writing with SkolarKim et al. report the same order for ionizable lipids at 25 °C, with SM-102 ahead of ALC-0315 by roughly a month of half-life (Kim et al., 2023).
Room-temperature stability of mRNA-LNP formulations
Draft 1 · Maya Lindqvist · results section
Results
Across the four formulations, potency at 25 °C fell to between 44% and 61% of baseline by week 24. Lyophilised SM-102 retained the most potency, but only under refrigeration; at room temperature its advantage over ALC-0315 narrowed to four weeks of half-life.
Comparison with published data
The ranking matches the two head-to-head comparisons in the literature, as expected. Kim et al. report the same order for ionizable lipids at 25 °C, with SM-102 ahead of ALC-0315 by roughly a month of half-life (Kim et al., 2023). Our DLin-MC3 half-life is shorter than the published figure, which the higher ambient humidity in our runs would explain; the humidity log is attached in the supplement.
Limitations
Runs were capped at 24 weeks and a single humidity band. A longer series at controlled humidity would separate the two effects the present fits cannot.
It runs the analysis, not just the summary
Attach your data and Skolar writes the code, runs it on its own machine, and shows you the output: statistics, fits and figures.
What it can computeFitting a first-order decay to each formulation, 312 runs across 13 timepoints.
python analyze_stability.py --input stability_runs.csv
loaded 312 runs · 4 formulations · 13 timepoints fit ALC-0315 t½ = 9.4 wk R² = 0.98 fit SM-102 t½ = 14.1 wk R² = 0.97 fit DLin-MC3 t½ = 5.2 wk R² = 0.99 fit DOTAP t½ = 11.7 wk R² = 0.96 saved figures/potency_decay.png saved figures/half_lives.png saved figures/potency_heatmap.png
Every cell is the mean of the runs at that week. DLin-MC3 is below half potency by week 6; SM-102 does not cross it until week 14. The fits are tight (R² above 0.96 for all four), so the ranking holds.
It works from your library
The papers you save, the PDFs you upload, the documents you write and the tables you build sit in one place. Point a task at any of them and Skolar reads, searches and cites them the way it does the literature.
Inside the libraryLibrary
One workspace. Three ways to work.
Melatonin taken before daytime sleep increased total sleep time by roughly 24 minutes,Liira 2014 with no consistent effect on how quickly workers fell asleep.Slanger 2016 The effect held across the three trials that measured it, and none reported next-day drowsiness.
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Melatonin and daytime sleep in shift workers
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Figure 1. Change in total sleep time by trial, minutes.
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